The Work Capability Assessment (WCA) will be scrapped in 2028: “This will end the state categorising people into binary groups and labelling them as either ‘can or can’t work’.”
This change will be implemented via primary legislation. Further details will be published in the forthcoming White Paper. There will be no consultation on this measure.
This will impact Personal Independence Payment (PIP) and Universal Credit (UC)
Universal Credit (UC):
A new Health Element will replace the current Limited Capability for Work (LCW) and the Limited Capability for Work Related Activity (LCWRA) elements, any extra financial support for health conditions in UC will be assessed via a single assessment – the PIP assessment.
When these changes start to take effect, new claimants will no longer receive these legacy components. If a current claimant receives the LCWRA element but doesn’t get PIP at the point that they move to the new system they will receive transitional protection.
There will also be protection for people who are currently treated as LCWRA due to pregnancy risk or because they are about to receive, receiving or recovering from treatment for cancer by way of chemotherapy or radiotherapy. They will get the new UC health element even if they do not get PIP.
It is unlikely that the payment will be withdrawn from existing claimants before reassessment, DWP will initially prioritise reassessments for people who are most likely to have had a change in their circumstances including those who have short-term prognoses
The existing LCWRA element will be cut for new claimants – from £97 to £50 per week by 2026/27 and frozen for existing ones.
For those receiving the new reduced UC health element after April 2026, the government are proposing that those with the most severe, life-long health conditions, who have no prospect of improvement and will never be able to work, will see their incomes protected through an additional premium.
Personal Independence Payment (PIP)
A new PIP eligibility requirement is proposed to ensure that only those who score a minimum of 4 points in at least one daily living activity will be eligible for the daily living component of PIP. This requirement would need to be met in addition to the existing PIP eligibility criteria.
This change will apply to new claims and for existing people who claim, future eligibility will be decided at their next award review. Those with the most severe, long-term conditions will no longer face any reassessments, under the proposed reforms.
The Green Paper is consulting on whether those who lose entitlement need any support and what this support could look like – for example transitional protection.
There is a real possibility these proposals will never be implemented, or that they will be changed so much that they will scarcely be recognisable by the time they do come into force.
A new contribution-based Unemployment Insurance Benefit
Jobseekers’ allowance (JSA) and employment support allowance (ESA) will be merged into a new time-limited unemployment insurance. Paid at the current ESA rate of £138 per week, it will be time-limited, and recipients do not have to prove they cannot work – but will be expected to actively seek work.